Halitosis (Bad Breath) in Gibraltar
Halitosis, commonly known as bad breath, can happen occasionally to anyone. It is particularly common after waking because saliva production decreases while we sleep. However, bad breath that continues throughout the day may have an underlying oral or medical cause.
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In many cases, persistent bad breath begins in the mouth and is related to bacteria, plaque, food debris, the tongue, dry mouth or problems affecting the teeth and gums.
If halitosis happens regularly despite good oral hygiene, identifying the cause is more useful than simply masking the smell with mouthwash or mints.
Common signs of halitosis
- Persistent unpleasant breath
- A white or yellow coating on the tongue
- Dry mouth or reduced saliva
- Thick saliva
- An unpleasant taste on waking
- A persistent acidic, bitter or metallic taste
What causes bad breath?
Bad breath can have several causes. Although people often associate halitosis with the stomach, many cases are linked to conditions inside the mouth.
Bacteria and food debris
Food particles can remain between the teeth, around the gums and on the surface of the tongue. As bacteria break these particles down, they can produce compounds that cause unpleasant odours.
Certain foods, including garlic, onions and strong spices, can also cause temporary bad breath.
Gum problems
Plaque can accumulate around and below the gum line. This can lead to inflammation and create areas where bacteria are able to build up.
If bad breath occurs together with bleeding gums, swelling or gum recession, it may be associated with gum disease.
Dental problems
Tooth decay, leaking or damaged fillings, poorly cleaned dentures and other dental problems can trap food and bacteria and contribute to persistent bad breath.
Dry mouth
Saliva helps clean the mouth and control bacteria. When saliva production is reduced, bacteria and food debris can remain in the mouth for longer.
This is why dry mouth (xerostomia) can sometimes contribute to halitosis.
Medical causes
In some people, persistent bad breath may be associated with conditions outside the mouth, including sinus problems, respiratory infections, reflux or other medical conditions.
If a dental examination does not identify an oral cause, further medical assessment may be appropriate.
How is halitosis assessed?
The first step is to identify where the bad breath is coming from.
A dental examination can check the gums, tongue, teeth, fillings, dentures and other areas where plaque and bacteria may accumulate.
If plaque or gum inflammation is present, a professional Scale and Polish may form part of the recommended treatment.
How can you prevent bad breath?
- Brush your teeth thoroughly at least twice a day
- Clean your tongue every day
- Use floss or interdental brushes between the teeth
- Drink enough water throughout the day
- Avoid smoking
- Limit excessive alcohol consumption
- Attend regular dental examinations
- Treat gum disease, tooth decay or dry mouth when present
Halitosis treatment in Gibraltar
Treatment depends on the cause of the bad breath.
For some patients, improving daily oral hygiene or having a professional cleaning may be enough. In other cases, an underlying dental problem such as gum disease, tooth decay or another source of bacterial accumulation may need treatment.
If the cause does not appear to be dental, your dentist may recommend that you speak with your doctor or another healthcare professional.
Concerned about persistent bad breath?
If bad breath continues despite good oral hygiene, you can arrange an assessment with our dentist in Gibraltar. You can also find out more about our general dentistry services in Gibraltar.