Tooth sensitivity is a common dental problem that can cause discomfort or pain when eating or drinking hot, cold, sweet or acidic foods.

The sensation usually occurs when the protective enamel layer becomes thinner or when the gums recede and expose the dentine underneath.

Tooth sensitivity may be temporary, but persistent sensitivity can indicate an underlying dental condition that should be evaluated by a dentist.

What causes tooth sensitivity?

Several factors can contribute to tooth sensitivity. These include:

  • Gum recession exposing the tooth root
  • Wear of the tooth enamel
  • Brushing too aggressively
  • Frequent consumption of acidic foods or drinks
  • Recent dental treatment

When the gums recede, part of the tooth root can become exposed, increasing sensitivity to changes in temperature.

Home remedies that may help

Some simple measures may help reduce tooth sensitivity temporarily:

  • Use toothpaste designed for sensitive teeth
  • Brush with a soft-bristled toothbrush
  • Avoid highly acidic foods and drinks
  • Reduce very cold or very hot drinks
  • Maintain good daily oral hygiene

These measures may help relieve discomfort, but they do not always treat the underlying cause of sensitivity.

When should you see a dentist?

If tooth sensitivity persists or becomes more intense, it is important to identify the underlying cause.

In many cases, sensitivity is related to gum recession or inflammation of the gums, which can expose the root surface of the tooth.

If the discomfort continues, a dental examination can determine the reason and recommend the appropriate treatment.